Othello PDF


 Othello is a tragic play by William Shakespeare about love, jealousy, betrayal, and racism. It tells the story of a noble African general in the Venetian army who is destroyed by the manipulations of his envious subordinate.


Plot Summary:

Othello, a respected Moorish general in the Venetian army, secretly marries Desdemona, a noblewoman. Their love defies social and racial expectations, which sparks resentment in some around them.

Iago, Othello’s ensign, is furious when Othello promotes Cassio over him. Driven by jealousy and hatred, Iago plots to ruin Othello. He plants seeds of doubt in Othello’s mind about Desdemona’s faithfulness, falsely suggesting she is having an affair with Cassio.

Using manipulation and planted evidence — most notably Desdemona’s handkerchief, which Iago plants in Cassio’s room — Iago convinces Othello that Desdemona has betrayed him.

Consumed by jealousy, Othello murders Desdemona in a fit of rage. When the truth is finally revealed — that Desdemona was innocent and Iago was the true villain — Othello is devastated. In deep remorse and guilt, he takes his own life.


Key Characters:

  • Othello – A Moorish general; noble, but tragically jealous.
  • Desdemona – Othello’s loyal and innocent wife.
  • Iago – The manipulative villain who orchestrates Othello’s downfall.
  • Cassio – Othello’s loyal lieutenant.
  • Emilia – Iago’s wife and Desdemona’s maid, who ultimately exposes Iago.

Themes:

  • Jealousy – “The green-eyed monster” that destroys lives.
  • Racism and Outsidership – Othello is judged for being a Moor.
  • Manipulation and Deceit – Iago's lies drive the tragedy.
  • Honor and Reputation – Social image influences fatal decisions.
  • Love and Betrayal – Trust is tested and tragically broken.


 

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